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\"Extreme

Extreme Life Briefing

  • Hottest: 235 F (113 C) Pyrolobus fumarii (Volcano Island, Italy)
  • Coldest: 5 F (-15 C) Cryptoendoliths (Antarctica)
  • Highest Radiation: (5 MRad, or 5000x what kills humans) Deinococcus radiodurans
  • Deepest: 3.2 km underground
  • Acid: pH 0.0 (most life is at least factor of 100,000 less acidic) pH 5-8
  • Basic: pH 11.0 (most life is at least factor of 1000 less basic) pH 5-8
  • Longest in space: 6 years Bacillus subtilis (NASA satellite)
  • High Pressure (1200 times atmospheric)
  • Saltiest: 30% salt, or 9 times human blood saltiness. Haloarcula
  • Smallest: <0.1 micron or 500 fit across a human hair width (picoplankton)
    Credit: USGS

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